Dietary Lacks

 Not eating enough animal products like meat, eggs, or dairy, which are rich in vitamin B12.

Digestive Issues

Problems with the stomach or intestines can hinder B12 absorption.

Pernicious Anemia

An autoimmune condition where the body can't absorb B12 even if it's present.

Age

Elderly people may have reduced stomach acid, impacting B12 absorption.

Medications

Certain drugs, like acid reflux meds, can interfere with B12 absorption.

Malabsorption Disorders

Conditions like celiac disease or Crohn's affect nutrient absorption, including B12.